Apple Logic Express 8 Manuale Utente Scaricare il pdf (Pagina 26)

26 Chapter 1 An Introduction to Logic Express

You can also edit individual events within a MIDI region. This is achieved by opening

the region in one of the MIDI editors. These windows allow you to precisely alter the

position, length, and pitch of MIDI note events. Other MIDI event types can also be

altered in various ways. You may freely enter MIDI data with your MIDI keyboard, the

mouse, and/or computer keyboard in these editors.

More information on MIDI and MIDI event types can be found in Chapter 15,

“Introduction to MIDI Editing,” on page 409.

1 2 ... 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 ... 104 105

Logic Express 8 1
User Manual 1
Contents 3
Contents 7 7
8 Contents 8
Contents 9 9
10 Contents 10
Contents 11 11
12 Contents 12
Contents 13 13
994 Sharing Preferences 14
Glossary 997 14
Index 1029 14
15 15
Logic Express Onscreen Help 17
Apple Websites 17
Other Websites 18
19 19
Projects 23
MIDI region 25
Overview of the 27
Logic Express Interface 27
The Arrange Window 28
Bar ruler 30
Arrange grid 30
Track list 30
Category columns 34
Hierarchy button 38
Create and Filter buttons 38
Event type buttons 38
List area 38
Region display Event display 38
Create button 39
Marker list area 39
Marker Text area 39
Marker Text Area button 39
Tempo list 40
The initial time and key 41
Region Parameter box 42
Track Parameter box 42
Arrange channel strips 42
Channel strips 44
Filter buttonsView buttons 44
Info displayWaveform overview 45
Waveform display 45
PlayheadRegion area 45
Event definitions 47
Event Definition 47
Parameter box 47
MIDI events 47
Local Menu Bars 48
Tool Menus 48
Scroll Bars 49
Zoom Sliders 49
Bar Ruler 49
Global Tracks 50
Checkboxes and Buttons 55
Pull-Down and Pop-Up Menus 56
Shortcut Menus 56
Using the Computer Keyboard 57
Customizing Your Window Setup 59
Opening and Closing Windows 61
Moving and Resizing Windows 63
Selecting the Working Area 66
Click the gray area below 67
Vertical zoom control 68
Horizontal zoom control 68
Zooming With the Scroll Bars 69
Zoom Navigation Key Commands 70
Relationships Between Windows 71
Displaying Global Tracks 77
Using Screensets 79
Reverting to Saved Screensets 82
Setting Up Your System 83
Computer 84
Audio and MIDI Interfaces 85
Types of MIDI Devices 86
Ancillary Audio Devices 88
Computer Expansions 90
FireWire 400 (6-pin) 91
(Sometimes labeled iLINK) 91
FireWire 400 (4-pin) 91
USB (Universal Serial Bus) 91
Audio Cabling 92
MIDI Cabling 93
MIDI interface 95
Tone generator 2 95
Tone generator 3 95
Using External MIDI Devices 98
Using External Audio Effects 98
Setting Up Core Audio Devices 100
Navigating Your Project 103
Division value 104
Using the Transport Buttons 106
Using Transport Key Commands 107
Using Cycle Mode 108
Defining the Cycle 109
Right locator 110
Left locator 110
Position display 110
Skip Cycle 113
Customizing the Transport Bar 116
Working With Markers 123
Creating Markers 125
Selecting Markers 128
Deleting Markers 128
Naming Markers 129
Editing Markers 132
Navigating With Markers 134
Working With Projects 137
Project file (“song”) 138
Creating Projects 139
Opening Projects 141
Opening Pre Version 8 Songs 142
Setting Project Properties 146
Setting the Project Tempo 147
Bar denominatorNumerator 149
Project End display 150
Adjusting Project Settings 152
Handling Project Assets 152
Managing Projects 153
Saving Projects 155
Closing and Quitting 157
Basic Operations 159
Entering Numerical Values 160
Entering Text 161
Working With Key Commands 162
Special Keys 163
The Key Commands Window 163
Key Commands list 164
Learn buttons 164
Assignments area 164
Learn button 164
Choosing Key Command Sets 165
Browsing Key Commands 165
Finding Key Commands 166
Initializing Key Assignments 169
Working With Tools 170
Command-click Tool 172
Learning About Common Tools 174
Working With Help Tags 176
Using the Shortcut Menu 177
Selection Techniques 177
Working With the Clipboard 183
Working With Tracks 187
Track Parameter box 188
Configuring the Track Header 189
Creating Tracks and Channels 191
Track Creation Commands 196
Deleting Tracks 198
Selecting Tracks 198
Rearranging Tracks 199
Naming Tracks 199
Channel strip name 200
Assigning Tracks to Channels 201
Zooming Individual Tracks 203
Assigning Track Icons 204
Muting Tracks 205
Muting Multiple Tracks 206
Soloing Tracks 207
Record-Enabling Tracks 208
Freezing Tracks 208
When to Freeze a Track 209
How to Freeze a Track 210
What Happens During a Freeze 210
Working With Frozen Tracks 211
Freeze Files 211
Hiding Tracks 212
Protecting Tracks 213
Working With Instruments and 215
LeftStereo RightMono 219
Using the Channel EQ 226
Using the Plug-in Window 232
Adjusting Plug-in Parameters 233
Linking the Plug-in Window 235
Bypassing Plug-ins 236
Using the Settings Functions 236
Side Chaining Plug-ins 240
A white frame indicates 242
Insert Effects 243
Send Effects 243
Pre fader send Post Pan send 245
Post fader send 245
Working With Instruments 247
Playing Software Instruments 257
Instrument in live mode 258
Selected instrument, not 258
Tuning Software Instruments 259
Loading Presets 263
Manually Enabling Plug-ins 264
Disabling Plug-ins 264
Adding Pre-Recorded Media 265
Navigating in the Browser 268
Green and Blue Apple Loops 273
Browsing for Apple Loops 276
Explosions, Foley, or People 277
Searching for Apple Loops 281
Compressed audio file 286
Overview Calculation 287
Recycle slices 289
ReCycle folder 289
Adding MIDI and Project Files 290
Getting to Know Regions 291
Audio Regions and Audio Files 292
MIDI Regions and Events 293
Folder Regions 294
Cloned and Alias Regions 294
Creating and Removing Regions 299
Resizing a Region 301
Two-headed arrow cursor 302
AnchorAnchor 303
Updating Arrange Position 304
Protecting Regions 305
Creating Your Arrangement 307
Overriding the Snap Grid 310
Using Drag Modes 311
Scrubbing Your Arrangement 312
Muting Regions 313
Soloing Regions 314
Transport Solo button 315
Naming a Region 316
Assigning Colors to Regions 318
Selecting Regions 319
Selecting Parts of a Region 320
Using the Marquee Stripe 321
Common Marquee Functions 321
Adding and Recording Regions 322
Restoring Removed Regions 323
Moving Regions 324
Nudging Regions 326
Resizing Regions 328
Repeating Regions 339
Cloning Audio Regions 342
Looping Regions 344
Dividing Regions 346
Merging Regions 350
Demixing MIDI Regions 353
Using Folders 354
Packing and Unpacking Folders 355
Entering and Exiting Folders 356
Adding and Removing Regions 357
Creating an Alias Folder 358
Fading Apple Loops 361
Setting Region Parameters 362
Audio Region Parameters 363
MIDI Region Parameters 363
Recording in Logic Express 367
Preparations for Recording 368
Setting the Sample Rate 369
Setting the Bit Depth 370
Setting Up the Metronome 371
Using Software Monitoring 373
Setting the Monitoring Level 375
Setting the Recording Folder 375
Maximum Recording Size 376
Audio Recording Names 376
Setting Up Track Channels 377
Making an Audio Recording 379
Advanced Recording Commands 381
Recording Takes 382
Punch Recording 386
Replace Mode Recording 389
Handling Audio Recordings 390
Creating Comps 391
Managing Take Folders 394
Packing a Take Folder 395
Unpacking Take Folders 395
Recording MIDI 396
How MIDI Take Recording Works 398
Filtering MIDI Input 401
MIDI Step Input Recording 402
Using the Step Input Keyboard 403
Step Input With Key Commands 404
Using the Caps Lock Keyboard 407
Introduction to MIDI Editing 409
Opening the Editors 410
MIDI Activity display 413
Editing MIDI Events in the 415
Piano Roll Editor 415
Making Use of the Grid 416
Understanding Note Velocities 416
Using the Info Display 419
Selecting Notes 420
Creating Notes 420
Deleting Notes 421
Restoring Deleted Notes 423
Moving Notes 424
Changing the Length of Notes 426
Copying or Moving Notes 428
Muting Notes 431
Splitting Chords 432
Using Hyper Draw 433
Piano Roll Editor Shortcuts 435
437 437
Creating Events 441
Line tool 442
Selecting Events 443
Deleting Events 444
Restoring Deleted Events 444
Changing Event Values 445
Moving and Copying Events 446
Changing Event Definitions 451
First Data Byte checkbox 452
Converting Event Definitions 454
Working With Hyper Sets 455
Naming a Hyper Set 457
Loading a Hyper Set 457
Event List 459
Filtering Event Types 461
Selecting and Creating Events 463
Copying and Moving Events 465
Editing Events 466
Altering Event Values 467
Deleting and Muting Events 468
Learning About Event Types 469
Control Change Events 471
Pitch Bend Events 471
Program Change Events 472
Aftertouch Events 473
Poly Pressure Events 473
SysEx Events 473
Meta Events 474
The Event Float Window 475
Quantizing MIDI Events 477
Quantizing Regions 478
Making Quantization Permanent 482
Event and Note Quantization 483
Creating Groove Templates 485
Importing Groove Templates 486
Transform Window 491
Mode menuPreset menu 501
Operations area 501
Selection Conditions area 501
Global Parameters 502
Defining Operations 504
Using the Map 506
Exchanging Parameter Values 507
Usage Examples 509
Editing Audio in the 515
Sample Editor 515
Playing Audio Files 516
Advanced Playback Commands 517
Navigating Audio Files 518
Absolute and Relative Time 520
Making Selections 522
Fading Audio Files 526
Trimming Audio Regions 527
Normalizing Audio Files 528
Adjusting the Project Tempo 529
Sample Loop Functions 530
Creating Manual Backups 531
Using the Groove Machine 539
Using the Audio Energizer 540
Using the Silencer 542
Using the Quantize Engine 547
Audio to MIDI Groove Template 548
Audio Regions 549
Using Strip Silence 551
Automatic Anchor Creation 552
Adjusting the Tempo of 553
Time Stretching Regions 555
Managing Audio Files 559
Sorting Audio Files 560
Guitars group 561
Vocals group 561
Renaming Audio Files 563
Moving Audio Files 564
Deleting Audio Files 566
Optimizing Audio Files 567
Dealing With SDII Files 569
571 571
572 Chapter 25 Mixing 572
Basic Mixing Steps 573
574 Chapter 25 Mixing 574
Channel Strip Elements 575
Setting Channel Strip Levels 576
Chapter 25 Mixing 577 577
578 Chapter 25 Mixing 578
Chapter 25 Mixing 579 579
Soloing and Muting Channels 580
Muting Channels 581
Working With Sends 582
Arming Channel Strips 583
Setting the Automation Mode 583
584 Chapter 25 Mixing 584
Chapter 25 Mixing 585 585
586 Chapter 25 Mixing 586
Working With Groups 587
Defining Group Settings 588
A Note on Group Automation 589
Channel Strip Types 590
Auxiliary Channel 591
592 Chapter 25 Mixing 592
Output Channels 593
Master Channel 594
MIDI Channel Strips 594
Chapter 25 Mixing 595 595
596 Chapter 25 Mixing 596
Chapter 25 Mixing 597 597
Customizing the Mixer 598
Chapter 25 Mixing 599 599
Refining the Mixer View 600
Chapter 25 Mixing 601 601
Displaying Folder Tracks 602
Using the I/O Labels Window 603
604 Chapter 25 Mixing 604
Working With Automation 605
Displaying Track Automation 606
Setting an Automation Mode 609
Choosing Automation Modes 610
Writing Track Automation Data 612
Automation Select tool 613
Creating Automation Nodes 614
Automation Curve tool 616
Offsetting Automation 617
Using Automation Quick Access 619
Hyper Draw menu 621
Hyper Draw button 621
Using the Autodefine Mode 622
Editing MIDI Automation Data 622
Using the Note Velocity Mode 623
Conversion of Automation Data 624
Bouncing Your Project 625
Creating a Bounce 626
Routing Channels to an Output 626
Defining the Bounce Range 627
Using the Bounce Window 627
M4A: AAC Format Options 634
Burn Options 635
Bouncing and POW-r Dithering 637
Creating Apple Loops 639
Global Tracks and Apple Loops 645
Transposition Track 646
Apple Loops and Sample Rates 648
Project and File Interchange 649
Setting Sharing Preferences 650
Backing Up Audio Files 654
Saving Standard MIDI Files 658
Importing GarageBand Projects 659
Working With OMF Files 660
Working With OpenTL Files 661
Exporting Regions 665
Advanced Tempo Operations 667
Using the Tempo Track 668
Creating Tempo Curves 670
Adjusting the Display Range 671
Recording Tempo Changes 672
Using the Tempo List 673
Alternative Tempo Lists 675
Choosing a Tempo Operation 677
Using the Tempo Interpreter 679
Using the Tempo Fader 681
Beat Mapping Regions 683
Beats From Region 687
Beat Mapping to Scene Markers 688
Beat Mapping to Markers 688
Transposition Tracks 689
Analyzing MIDI Regions 693
Working With Notation 695
Display Parameter box 696
Event Parameter box 696
Part box 696
A High Level Workflow Example 697
Single staff style 698
Staff style consisting 698
Real Time MIDI Recording 702
Step Input 703
Insert Quantization 706
Working With the Part Box 708
Selecting Part Box Objects 709
Sustain Pedal Symbols 712
Dynamic Symbols 713
Note Heads 713
Symbols Attached to Notes 714
Slurs, Crescendi 715
Key Signatures 715
Time Signatures 716
Repeat Signs and Bar Lines 716
Trills, Tremolo, and so on 717
Rests, Bar Repeat Signs 717
Text Objects, Chord Symbols 718
D.S., D.C., Segno, Coda Signs 718
Tempo and Swing Symbols 718
Jazz Symbols 719
Repeating Events 725
Editing Aliases 726
Using the Layout Tool 727
Resizing Notes and Symbols 728
Editing Notes 729
Allowing Diatonic Input Only 730
Creating Tied Notes 730
N-tuplet symbol 731
Creating and Inserting Rests 735
Editing Clefs 736
Editing Slurs and Crescendi 738
Invisible Bar Lines 740
1st and 2nd Endings 740
Bar Repeat Signs 741
Double Repeat Sign 741
Working With Text 742
Score text event 743
Editing Text 744
Using Musical Symbol Fonts 745
Learning About Text Styles 745
Working With Text Styles 746
Working With Global Text 747
Positioning of Global Text 748
Global Text Parameters 748
Creating Lyrics 749
Creating Chord Symbols 751
Rhythm Section Parts 754
Creating Time Signatures 756
Creating Key Signatures 757
Selecting Signatures 757
Copying Signatures 758
Editing Signatures 759
Deleting Signatures 759
Transcribing MIDI Recordings 761
Display Parameters 763
Interpretation 766
Syncopation 767
No Overlap 768
Max Dots 768
Hidden MIDI Regions 769
Changing Note Heads 770
Changing Note Sizes 770
Changing the Tie Direction 773
Changing the Color of a Note 774
Working With Staff Styles 775
Predefined Staff Styles 777
Hierarchy button 778
Link button Tools 778
Name box 778
Deleting Staff Styles 783
Staff Style Examples 789
Advanced Staff Style Usage 790
Cross staff beamed notes 791
Choosing a Score Set 796
The Score Set Window 797
Editing Score Sets 800
Scaling Score Sets 801
Printing the Score 804
Setting Breaks 805
Editing Local Margins 806
Preparing the Export 809
Exporting the Score 809
Choosing a Color Mode 810
Displaying Folders 810
Displaying Instrument Names 811
Global Score Settings 812
Numbers & Names 816
Page Number Parameters 817
Bar Number Parameters 818
Instrument Name Parameters 819
Guitar Tab 820
Clefs & Signatures 824
MIDI Meaning 828
Score Preferences 832
Working With Video 835
Using the Movie Window 836
Using the Video Track 837
Working With Scene Markers 838
Creating Scene Markers 839
Video Project Settings 841
Video Preferences 843
Synchronizing Logic Express 845
Using the Sync Button 847
MTC Interpretation 848
Fixing Objects to Frames 859
Positioning Bars to Frames 860
MIDI Machine Control 861
About Latency 865
Dealing With Latency Issues 869
File Formats 871
Exporting Split Channel Files 873
Working in the Environment 875
Using the Environment 876
Working With Layers 877
Working With Objects 882
Copying Objects 883
Adjusting the Size of Objects 885
Special Selection Commands 885
The MIDI Signal Path 886
Object with direct output 888
Object without direct 888
Object Parameter box 893
Exchanging Environments 895
Replacement by Assignment 897
The Environment Objects 899
Multi Instruments 901
Defining Custom Bank Selects 906
Mapped Instruments 907
GM Mixer 911
MMC Record Buttons 914
Keyboard 914
Monitor Object 915
Channel Splitter Object 915
Arpeggiator 916
Transformer Object 918
Delay Line Object 923
Voice Limiter Object 924
Chord Memorizer Object 925
Touch Tracks Object 927
Using the Touch Tracks Window 928
Physical Input Object 931
Sequencer Input Object 931
MIDI Click Object 932
Internal Objects 933
Ornament 935
Macro Parameters 937
Horizontal fader 938
ButtonVertical fader 938
Fader Operation 939
Working With Object Groups 940
Special Functions 941
Fader Styles 942
Fader Functions: MIDI Events 944
Fader Functions: Filter 946
Vector Fader 948
Special Faders Overview 949
Cable Switchers 950
Meta Event Faders 951
SysEx Faders 952
Creating a SysEx Message 953
Setting the SysEx Data Format 955
Value Byte Format 956
Channel Strip Objects 957
Channel Strip Parameters 958
Input Channel 959
Bus Channel 960
Prelisten Channel Strip 960
961 961
Project Settings 962
Metronome Settings 963
Other Settings 964
Recording Settings 965
Tuning Settings 967
Tuning Project Settings 971
Audio Settings 973
MIDI Settings 974
Score Project Settings 975
Assets Project Settings 975
Preferences 976
Project Handling Preferences 977
Editing Preferences 978
Cycle Preferences 979
Catch Preferences 980
Caps Lock Keys Preferences 980
Audio Preferences 981
Sample Editor Preferences 984
MP3 Preferences 985
Reset Preferences 986
MIDI Preferences 987
Sync Preferences 988
Reset Messages Preferences 989
Display Preferences 990
Arrange Preferences 991
Other Preferences 992
Automation Preferences 993
Control Surfaces Preferences 994
Sharing Preferences 994
Learning More, Service, and 995
Glossary 997
998 Glossary 998
Glossary 999 999
1000 Glossary 1000
Glossary 1001 1001
1002 Glossary 1002
Glossary 1003 1003
1004 Glossary 1004
Glossary 1005 1005
1006 Glossary 1006
Glossary 1007 1007
1008 Glossary 1008
Glossary 1009 1009
1010 Glossary 1010
Glossary 1011 1011
1012 Glossary 1012
Glossary 1013 1013
1014 Glossary 1014
Glossary 1015 1015
1016 Glossary 1016
Glossary 1017 1017
1018 Glossary 1018
Glossary 1019 1019
1020 Glossary 1020
Glossary 1021 1021
1022 Glossary 1022
Glossary 1023 1023
1024 Glossary 1024
Glossary 1025 1025
1026 Glossary 1026
Glossary 1027 1027
1029 1029
1030 Index 1030
Index 1031 1031
1032 Index 1032
Index 1033 1033
1034 Index 1034
Index 1035 1035
1036 Index 1036
Index 1037 1037
1038 Index 1038
Index 1039 1039
1040 Index 1040
Index 1041 1041
1042 Index 1042
Index 1043 1043
1044 Index 1044
Index 1045 1045
1046 Index 1046
Index 1047 1047
1048 Index 1048
Index 1049 1049
1050 Index 1050
Index 1051 1051
1052 Index 1052
Index 1053 1053
1054 Index 1054
Index 1055 1055

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Apple Logic Express 8 Manuale Utente Pagina 26

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